Documentation

References & Bibliography

A comprehensive collection of primary datasets, institutional reports, and secondary literature utilized in the construction of the Democracy Index for Latin America.

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Primary Datasets

Coppedge, M., Gerring, J., Knutsen, C. H., Lindberg, S. I., Teorell, J., Altman, D., ... & Ziblatt, Z. (2023). V-Dem [Country-Year/Country-Date] Dataset v13. Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
Latinobarómetro Corporation. (2023). Informe Latinobarómetro 2023: La recesión democrática de América Latina. Banco de Datos.
Pérez-Liñán, A., & Mainwaring, S. (2013). Political Regimes in Latin America, 1900–2010 [Data set].

Institutional Reports

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). (2022). Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean. United Nations.
Freedom House. (2023). Freedom in the World 2023: Marking 50 Years in the Struggle for Democracy.
Organization of American States (OAS). (2021). Report on the State of Democracy and Human Rights in the Americas. General Secretariat.

Academic Literature

Levitsky, S., & Way, L. A. (2010). Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Cambridge University Press.
Mainwaring, S., & Pérez-Liñán, A. (2013). Democracies and Dictatorships in Latin America: Emergence, Survival, and Fall. Cambridge University Press.
O'Donnell, G. A. (1994). Delegative Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 5(1), 55-69.